Laboratorio: Probabilidad y estadística

Estimados estudiantes, en la práctica del día de hoy he tomado el capítulo 1 & 2 del excelente libro de Murrell, les comparto el código en R para que lo platiquemos en clase

Saludos

Gabriel

#################################Laboratorio 2#############################

##############################Perecederos#####################

rm(list=ls(all=TRUE))

objects()

##############################################################################

 plot(pressure)

 text(150, 600,

"Pressure (mm Hg)\nversus\nTemperature (Celsius)

mercury as a function of temperature.")

#############################################################################

postscript(file="myplot.ps")

plot(pressure)

 dev.off()

 png(file="myplot.png")

 plot(pressure)

 dev.off()

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

library(graphics)

help(barplot)

#######################################################

require(grDevices) # for colours

tN <- table(Ni <- stats::rpois(100, lambda=5))

r <- barplot(tN, col=rainbow(3))

#- type = "h" plotting *is* 'bar'plot

lines(r, tN, type='h', col='red', lwd=2)

barplot(tN, space = 1.5, axisnames=TRUE,

        sub = "barplot(..., space= 1.5, axisnames = FALSE)")

barplot(VADeaths, plot = FALSE)

barplot(VADeaths, plot = FALSE, beside = TRUE)

mp <- barplot(VADeaths) # default

tot <- colMeans(VADeaths)

text(mp, tot + 3, format(tot), xpd = TRUE, col = "blue")

barplot(VADeaths, beside = TRUE,

        col = c("lightblue", "mistyrose", "lightcyan",

                "lavender", "cornsilk"),

        legend = rownames(VADeaths), ylim = c(0, 100))

title(main = "Death Rates in Virginia", font.main = 4)

hh <- t(VADeaths)[, 5:1]

mybarcol <- "gray20"

mp <- barplot(hh, beside = TRUE,

        col = c("lightblue", "mistyrose",

                "lightcyan", "lavender"),

        legend = colnames(VADeaths), ylim= c(0,100),

        main = "Death Rates in Virginia", font.main = 4,

        sub = "Faked upper 2*sigma error bars", col.sub = mybarcol,

        cex.names = 1.5)

segments(mp, hh, mp, hh + 2*sqrt(1000*hh/100), col = mybarcol, lwd = 1.5)

stopifnot(dim(mp) == dim(hh))# corresponding matrices

mtext(side = 1, at = colMeans(mp), line = -2,

      text = paste("Mean", formatC(colMeans(hh))), col = "red")

# Bar shading example

barplot(VADeaths, angle = 15+10*1:5, density = 20, col = "black",

        legend = rownames(VADeaths))

title(main = list("Death Rates in Virginia", font = 4))

# border :

barplot(VADeaths, border = "dark blue")

# log scales (not much sense here):

barplot(tN, col=heat.colors(12), log = "y")

barplot(tN, col=gray.colors(20), log = "xy")

# args.legend

barplot(height = cbind(x = c(465, 91) / 465 * 100,

                       y = c(840, 200) / 840 * 100,

                       z = c(37, 17) / 37 * 100),

        beside = FALSE,

        width = c(465, 840, 37),

        col = c(1, 2),

        legend.text = c("A", "B"),

        args.legend = list(x = "topleft"))

#####################################################################

 par(ask=TRUE)

 example(barplot)

#############################Plots of one or two variables###########

 y <- rnorm(20)

 par(ask=TRUE)

 plot(y, type="p")

 plot(y, type="l")

 plot(y, type="b")

 plot(y, type="h")

#############################################################

 plot(pressure)

 plot(pressure$temperature, pressure$pressure)

 plot(pressure ~ temperature, data=pressure)

#################################################

 lm.SR <- lm(sr ~ pop15 + pop75 + dpi + ddpi, data = LifeCycleSavings)

 plot(lm.SR)

################################################

 library(cluster)

subset <- sample(1:150, 20)

 cS <- as.character(Sp <- iris$Species[subset])

 cS[Sp == "setosa"] <- "S"

 cS[Sp == "versicolor"] <- "V"

 cS[Sp == "virginica"] <- "g"

 ai <- agnes(iris[subset, 1:4])

 plot(ai, labels = cS)

###############################################

 boxplot(decrease ~ treatment, data = OrchardSprays,

log = "y", col="light grey")

 boxplot(decrease ~ treatment, data = OrchardSprays,

log = "y", col="light grey",

boxwex=0.5)

###############################################

barplot(VADeaths[1:2,], angle = c(45, 135),

density = 20, col = "grey",

names=c("RM", "RF", "UM", "UF"))

 barplot(VADeaths[1:2,], angle = c(45, 135),

density = 20, col = "grey",

names=c("RM", "RF", "UM", "UF"),

horiz=TRUE)

################################################

 y <- rnorm(20)

 plot(y, type="l", lwd=3)

 plot(y, type="l", col="grey")

 plot(y, type="l", lty="dashed")

 plot(y, type="l", ylim=c(-4, 4))

##############################################

rm(list=ls(all=TRUE))

objects()

library(TSA)

p1<-c(24,            29,          26,          2,            11,          0,            11,          25,          53,          31,          0,            18,          15,          6,            20,                60,          28,          9,            15,          15,          5,            24,          58,          20,          20,          5,            1,            7,            12,          13,                27,          23,          22,          19,          14,          16,          30,          17,          6,            5,            12,          10,          23,          67,          7,                17,          7,            9,            4,            3,            55,          14,          0,            3,            8,            5,            9,            19,          8,            10,                9,            2,            9,            13,          66,          8,            0,            0,            0,            0,            6,            22,          9,            6,            3,                3,            14,          7,            9,            10,          2,            13,          16,          28,          10,          8,            13,          7,            6,            4,                4,            3,            15,          23,          4,            4,            4,            4,            11,          31,          16,          5,            7,            5,            3,                12,          20,          10,          16,          3,            8,            4,            10,          17,          5,            2,            5,            13,          15,          6,                26,          9,            5,            5,            7,            4,            7,            9,            20,          4,            7,            2,            4,            7,            27,                11,          11,          6,            4,            11,          13,          21,          15,          0,            4,            3,            6,            6,            26,          5,                11,          0,            8,            5,            13,          26,          10,          5,            3,            4,            2,            11,          27,          12,          2,                4,            2,            2,            22,          23,          7,            5,            3,            5,            3,            15,          16,          6,            8,            2,                7,            7,            12,          14,          0,            2,            7,            3,            6,            9,            14,          4,            1,            1,            4,                3,            6,            4,            2,            2,            4,            8,            2,            7,            5,            6,            4,            5,            2,            4,                3,            11,          3,            5,            4,            5,            5,            10,          1,            9,            1,            5,            2,            5,            7,                10,          15,          6,            8,            8,            3,            11,          34,          9,            4,            14,          4,            5,            11,          35,                8,            11,          7,            5,            3,            17,          22,          14,          12,          6,            7,            4,            8,            17,          6)

p<-p1[1:35]

p

plot(p1,ylab='Inches',xlab='Year',type='o')

plot(p1,ylab='Inches',xlab='Year',type='b')

plot(p1,ylab='Inches',xlab='Year',type='l')

plot(p1,ylab='Inches',xlab='Year',type='p')data(color)

data(oilfilters)

plot(oilfilters,type='l',ylab='Sales')

Month=c('J','A','S','O','N','D','J','F','M','A','M','J')

points(oilfilters,pch=Month)

plot(p,type='l',ylab='Sales')

Semana=c('Vi','Sa','Do','Lu','Ma','Mi','Ju')

points(p,pch=Semana)

locator(n=2)

################################################

## A function to use identify to select points, and overplot the

## points with another symbol as they are selected

identifyPch <- function(x, y=NULL, n=length(x), pch=19, ...)

{

    xy <- xy.coords(x, y); x <- xy$x; y <- xy$y

    sel <- rep(FALSE, length(x)); res <- integer(0)

    while(sum(sel) < n) {

        ans <- identify(x[!sel], y[!sel], n=1, plot=FALSE, ...)

        if(!length(ans)) break

        ans <- which(!sel)[ans]

        points(x[ans], y[ans], pch = pch)

        sel[ans] <- TRUE

        res <- c(res, ans)

    }

    res

}

identifyPch(15,40)